Free Trade s Defence The Ricardian Theory Of Trade

In Free Trade’s defence. The Ricardian theory of trade states that â€Å"Trade is a positive-sum game and therefore there are no losers across or within countries† (dowling). On the contrary, Paul Krugman questions the necessity of free trade and the notion presented by this theory. Asserting that even though free trade agreements seem to provide a win-win outcome for countries, one country is guaranteed to benefit much more; establishing a winner and loser (Krugman free trade passe). These different ideologies are one of the various arguments for and against free trade – dating back to as early as the seventeenth century. Therefore, this essay seeks to analyse those arguments presented, provide the advantages and disadvantages of free trade, the history of free trade and examples from a current free trade agreement (FTA) between Australia and China (appendix 1), to prove free trade is beneficial and not passà ©. There is no unique definition for free trade. In theoretical terms, it articulates the non-existence of artificial impediments pertaining the exchange of goods across national markets. Plus, the similar prices met by domestic and international producers and consumers regarding transportation and other transaction costs (Irwin). Conversely, in practical terminology, free trade is the nation-state policy towards international commerce; promoting the absence of barriers and eradicating the restrictions imposed on the importing and exporting of goods between countries andShow MoreRelatedAnti Dumping and Protectionism4919 Words   |  20 Pagesopportunities. However, China s size and its political complexion can also be interpreted as a potential threat. This fear of China leads to the path of protectionist atmosphere. After a introduction about protectionism, the section II will show that Anti-dumping measure is a protectionist measure. Then, section III will present some theoretical mo dels in favor of free trade. Section IV will examine most common fears about China. Section V will sum up with the necessity of using trade as â€Å"economic development

I Am More Enthusiastic About Service Learning - 1573 Words

Volunteering has improved my life by gradually making a difference in my perspective of service learning. Bringing vision to my eyes, the ability to assist others in need is a feeling only describable if, and only if, you have experienced it yourself. Opening new doors in this journey of life, only can ecological service learning provides you with the keys to getting connected with the communities. Before, I stood as an individual who considered that I was not able to do anything on my own. I pointed fingers and judged at those organizations that weren’t quick to construct the changing society wanted to see. I failed to realize that organizations take countless effort in having a task done in a particular way, for a specific interval, which is the reason why service learning is a challenge. My increase in motivation about work is impacting my daily life. I am more enthusiastic about my work and am inspired by other leaders who take a charge in making accomplishment on a day-to-day basis. Learning to communicate and work with others has enhanced my self-assurance and my dedication in volunteering is passionate. I am excited to share with others about my experience and explain why volunteers matter so deeply to the community. Offered training for the suitable role, given clear, specific roles, and often compensated for the volunteer work has made it easier for me to step up and get to work with other volunteers who are reliable. All of us work as a team. The hardest partShow MoreRelatedQcf - Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young Peoples Services - Promote Professional Development1203 Words   |  5 Pagesimproving knowledge and practice. As a professional, I have a responsibility to engage in continuous professional development. 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In both of these positions, I was responsible for communicatingRead MoreMy Current Post As A Clinical Practice Lead867 Words   |  4 Pagesconflict, distress and other difficulties that may arise when working with more challenging patients. I am confident in my own emotional intelligence, and working in a therapeutic community has meant that I have grown in confidence using appropriate emotion regulation strategies; such as negotiating skills and motivational interviewing. I look forward to utilising and learning more about other treatment interventions such as DBT, as I feel these modalities only serve me better as a clinician to help meRead MoreWhat Model Of Structured Reflection Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesStructured Reflection: What? So what and now what? Taking time to volunteer at schools, childcare facilities, non-profit organizations, and various other local community services is not always a top priority of young people while navigating through their college or university experiences. Service learning, however, is â€Å"a work-based learning experience through which students learn, develop, and apply academic and vocational skills to address the real life needs of their local communities† (Bettina LankardRead MoreMy Experience With A Team Essay1245 Words   |  5 Pages In this discussion post, I will share an experience that I have had working in a dysfunctional team describing how would I have applied at least one of Jack s Rules to help resolve the issue(s) I experienced. And provide supporting material using the information from your DiSC assessment results. I never held a job, but I do have experience working with a team on school projects or assignments. My most recent group experience was the most stressful experience I have ever had in a group. In theRead MorePersonal Statement of Management Studies Essay examples593 Words   |  3 PagesLuiss University, I strongly improved my analytical skills and developed strategies for helping underdeveloped countries to come up with workable trading systems. In the past two years I have sought to validate my commitment through a wide range of work and academic experiences. During my fourth year of High School, I completed a six-month International Exchange Programme at a High School in Wisconsin, where, besides performing well in academic terms and scoring a total GPA of 4.0/4.0, I took a BusinessRead MoreObserving A Cell Culture Was Like Exploring Uncharted Territory—I1389 Words   |  6 Pageslike exploring uncharted territory—I was simply fascinated by it. As I watched my mentor ‘feed’ and rinse her osteoblasts, I imagined cells clumping in their container and multiplying in vitro. Eventually, when the cell line reached its optimal growth rate, the cells were cryopreserved to be retrieved only months later, leaving me in astonishment. Having the opportunity to observe and conduct such research procedures enthralls me; through the Metcalf SURF Program, I can couple such experiences withRead MoreInclusive Practice889 Words   |  4 Pagespractical things that we do, when we are working with people who use our services, whi ch demonstrate our professional values, standards, and principles in action. In particular Inclusive Practice is about participation, collaboration, and including people: where individuals are fully involved in choices and decisions that affect their lives and in the matters that are important to them. People who use mental health services say that being listened to, having their individual needs taken account ofRead MoreFinding the Right Path Essay1095 Words   |  5 PagesFinding the Right Path INTRODUCTION I have chosen to research about my future. I know that I want to major somewhere in Special education, but I am not sure where. I am going to research becoming a special education teacher and becoming a speech pathologist. Both are right down my path, but I am unsure of which suits me better. I am senior; therefore, this research is critical to the next step of my life. As of right now, I know a little about becoming a teacher. I have taken a class, Future EducatorsRead MoreService Learning Project Reflection1179 Words   |  5 PagesService Learning Project Reflection An Experience Like No Other In the past, I have participated in community service projects. It wasn’t until The Leadership and Professional Development (LPD) class in the fall of 2012 that I was introduced to the idea of service learning. This semester taught me the importance of reflecting on the community service that I performed and actually taking something away from the experience. This semester my team and I had the opportunity to participate in community

Leadership and influencing practice Free Essays

string(56) " positive and negative consequences for the profession\." INTRODUCTION Effective Leadership is considered as a key component for modernizing today`s health environment. A quality leadership is required in each and every field for the profession development. Many people believe that leadership is a way to improve their personal, social and professional life. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership and influencing practice or any similar topic only for you Order Now An able leader is not just a path for development but also an asset for the organisation to which they belong.(Bryman ,1992. Gardner,1990) Leadership can be defined as a multifaceted process of identifying a goal or target, motivating other people to act, and providing support and motivation to achieve mutually negotiated goals (Porter-O’Grady, 2003). In the day to day life of a Nurse, this could refer to their communication skill or their skills in co-ordinating the day/night shifts along with the team of nurses or other health care staffs and support staff on duty under the direction of that nurse or it can also be applied about their dealings with the patients and their relatives. The successful operation of the shift, staff morale and managing difficult or challenging situations depends largely on the team leader`s leadership skills. In addition, leadership has been defined in terms of the power relationship that exists between leaders and followers. From this viewpoint, leaders have power and wield it to effect change in others. Others view leadership as a transformational process that moves followers to ac complish more than what is usually expected of them. Finally, some scholars address leadership from a skills perspective. This viewpoint stresses the capabilities (knowledge and skills) that make effective leadership possible. It is very much important to understand and appreciate that leadership roles are different from management functions. In Stephen Covey’s (1999) book The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, he quoted Peter Drucker as saying: ‘Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things. Management is efficiency in climbing the ladder of success; leadership is about determining whether the ladder is leaning against the right wall.’ The management is all about tasks, but the leadership is about skill, perception, philosophy and judgement. We could infer from this that it is much more difficult to be an effective leader than an effective manager. Thus leaders have, for the most part should be concerned with orienting the profession to focus upon developing nursing practice ( Salvage,1989). The leadership discourse within the UK is only recently considering nursing leadership to be a process through which health policy may be influenced(Rafferty,1995) Characteristics of an Effective Leader. Some say great leaders are born, not made. And while there are some born leaders, many more have honed their leadership skills through extensive practice. Leaders are often described as being visionary, equipped with strategies, a plan and desire to direct their teams and services to a future goal (Mahoney, 2001). It is very much important for an effective leader to develop problem solving skills which can be incorporated in solving various work related issues and maintain group effectiveness and develop group identification such that their work has not gone unchecked. The Nurse or the team leader should posses and develop within all the above characteristics in order to win the support of the fellow workers and lead the development of clinical practice They should also possess dynamic personality, be passionate regarding their job they do, have a motivational influence on other people, and also be solution-focused and seek to inspire others. By Showing the effective leadership qualities, the nurses can induce a greater influence on their fellow staffs or their sub-ordibnates regarding the profession and also ensuring that professional standards are maintained and enabling the growth of competent practitioners. In a study by Bondas (2006), leaders who were described as driving forces were admired. They were regarded as a source for inspiration and role models for future nurse leaders. A Nurse to be a leader should possess the following qualities making decisions delegating appropriately resolving conflict and acting with integrity. The duty of the leader is also to develop the sense of a team work among nurses who are working under them and also encourage them to improve their skills and their relationship with the other members so that a bond of development exists inside the team. Thus by following the above things the act of leadership can be directly connected to a sense of development among the team members. This is largely achieved by working alongside them in a mentoring and coaching role. A good and successful leader will always try to achieve development of the other staff through their leadership. Saarikoski and Leino-Kilpi (2002) from their study found out that one-to-one supervisory relationship was the most important element in clinical instruction. Various researches have suggested that mentorship facilitates learning opportunities, helping to supervise and assess staff in the practice setting. Terminology frequently used to describe a mentor includes: teacher; supporter; coach; facilitator; assessor; role model; and supervisor (Hughes, 2004; Chow and Suen, 2001). A systematic way of culture based continual learning by providing necessary support and best available practice methods will empower and motivate staff. Dynamic clinical leaders and supportive clinical environments in which they can freely work are essential in the development and achievement of best practice models. It is recommended that staff are first shown how to perform a task and then supported to complete it. Therefore the key factors which are described as effective in nurturing transformational clinical leaders are: provision and access to effective role models mechanisms for mentoring and clinical supervision provision of career pathways intentional succession planning organisations that value clinical competence and promotion of centres of excellence (Borbasi and Gaston, 2002). Political context The Nurse leaders must be ready and able to respond to an ever changing healthcare environment which also includes organisational expectations and changes in the local and national policies. A Nurse should accept the changes but try to follow what is legal and legimate. These roles have become more specialists, autonomous, accountable and focused on outcome, with both positive and negative consequences for the profession. You read "Leadership and influencing practice" in category "Essay examples" Demands of the consumers and purchasers of healthcare services are increasing and have a greater expectation of higher standards, particularly in relation to nursing care. Nurse leaders must quickly demonstrate resilience in responding to change and supporting other members in the team to embrace this in a positive way. Effective leaders should be capable of reframing the thinking of those whom they are leading, enabling them to see that changes are not only imperative but are also achievabl e in an easy manner. Senior nurses who have relevant experience and knowledge has to find ways of becoming involved in organisational decision-making on issues impacting on clinical care such as: developing policy workforce planning departmental business planning and clinical and corporate governance. Sorensen et al (2008) advocate that senior nurses must develop constructive processes through which they become accepted as equal team members. They are also required to create a good work place environment that provides a quality patient care and must also evaluate nursing expertise and try to represent nursing interests in corporate decision-making forums. Leadership activities Senior nurses should also apply leadership skills in encouraging staff to use critical reflection to facilitate new understanding .Senior nurses should act as a role model for their sub-ordinates. They should be able to develop the skills of other staff by enabling them to apply theory to practice and encouraging them to test new skills in a safe and supportive environment. This, again, is an example of where leadership activities of the seniors combine with developmental ones to create competent practitioners through practice-based learning. These nurses should adopt a supportive leadership style with mentorship, coaching and supervision as core values. Constable and Russell (1986) showed that if the staffs get good support and encouragement from the seniors or supervisors the level of emotional exhaustion is reduced and it also reduces negative effects of a job environment. Consequently, it would be particularly beneficial for supervisors to provide emotional support to nurses and give them adequate feedback about performance to increase self-esteem (Bakker et al, 2000).. It is common in a ward environment that there would be misunderstandings or conflicts within the staffs. Resolving the conflicts and to build an effective relationships between multidisciplinary team members is a test for the senior nurses` ability. With nurses becoming more autonomous decision-makers, this must inevitably lead to revising the relationship between professional roles. Senior nurses also have a leadership role in facilitating their organisation’s staff support and development programme, which should aim to reduce stress, burnout, sickness and absenteeism among colleagues. Supervisors have a significant influence on employees’ personal and professional outcomes. Bakker et al (2000) reported that senior nurses can buffer the effects of a demanding work environment on staff nurses by thoughtfully maintaining a leadership style that supports staff needs. A person who is exhibiting a true leadership sees each person as an individual and will try to recognise their individual needs, as not everyone will perform at the same level or respond in the same way to environmental stressors or workplace pressure. Leaders need to support staff in ways in which individuals recognise as being useful. In the same way, staff will be motivated by different factors. Leaders must focus on the needs of individual staff and use motivational strategies appropriate to each person and situation. They must seek to inspire de-motivated staff and maintain the motivation of those who are already motivated. Leadership seeks to produce necessary changes in de-motivated staff by developing a vision of the future and inspiring staff to attain this. Leadership is the driving force of the work environment and directly affects staff motivation and morale. West-Burnham (1997) argued that leaders should seek to improve on current practice, and use their influence and experience to achieve this. This includes working within the team to develop goals and a feeling of shared ownership to achieve excellence in clinical practice. Mentorship Different people are motivated in different ways. It is the duty of the Leader to recognise it and they must use strategies that individuals find motivating to empower them and highlight the importance of their nursing role. This can be achieved by the Leader by following the process of structured mentorship. A perfect mentorship should foster ongoing role development and be based on the acquisition and mastery of new skills. Senior nurses should everyday try to spend some time (say like 10-30 minutes) everydayand get involved with the staffs doing some form of mentoring activity, and each activity that has been done should be recorded in staffs book named ‘learning log’. The learning log is a simple, task-specific recording method used as documented evidence that mentorship has been given on a particular area of work activity. Later the staff members are required to complete their own log book, which briefly records: The nature of the activity being coached; Strengths and weaknesses in performing the activity; Coaching intervention; Future goals. It is important that staff members do not feel over stressed or micromanaged. Learning logs must be viewed as a mentorship tool, rather than a management one. The learning log should be used for reflection purposes to form the basis of a more comprehensive supervision discussion. The log book on which the data is recorded should be used to refresh and remind the staffs and the mentor about the progress they have achieved on a particular issue compared to the previous time and also about the new things they have learnt with the help of the mentorship. It must also record about the new things that as to be achieved by the time of the next assessment. Mentors must also ensure that more junior staffs should have the freedom to seek information, through an open exchange of opinions and ideas and they must also keep in mind that the communication gap between the juniors and themselves is not widened. Staff should also be given the opportunity to show initiative, thus promoting confidence in decision-making and underpinning knowledge and competence in their own skills. creating a stable and supportive environment should be the goal of the perfect mentorship which encourages professional growth through effective role modelling. Murray and Main (2005) said that the notion of decision making should be passed on from more experienced nurses to the less experienced ones so that there is continuity in professional development. Leadership models There are a number of useful models which can be used to guide senior nurses in leading other staffs. transformational and transactional models are the two most common models(Bass, 1985; Burns, 1978). The effects of transactional leadership are short-lived, episodic and task based, with the transactional leader only intervening with negative feedback when something goes wrong. This form of leadership would have a place where there is a specific short-term directed project or piece of work to be completed. When working in a ward it is always better to have a leadership model which offers stability in the relationship between senior nurses and juniors. In these kinds of environments the transformational model is more complex but has a more positive effect on communication and teambuilding than the transactional model (Thyer, 2003).The goals and values of other staffs are shaped and altered to achieve a collective purpose to benefit the nursing profession and also the organisation in which they are employed. Bass (1985) found out that than transactional leaders, transformational leadership factors were more highly correlated with perceived group effectiveness and job satisfaction, and contributed more to individual performance and motivation. A different kind of a model was proposed by Adair (2002). This is the three-circle model of strategic leadership, with the circles being the needs of the task, the individual and the team. Adair believed that knowledge or expertise alone is not enough to lead; however, without it, leadership is impossible. Leaders should be aware of the both group and individual needs, and should harmonise them to support common goals and achieve it in a successful manner. According to Adiar, Each of the three needs in the model interacts with the others. One must always be seen in relation to the other two (Adair, 2003). This is a democratic model of leadership, in which there is consideration for the opinions of those who have to carry out the task. Each individual or the group they belong is involved to do the decision making concerning their work. The valuing of people, their knowledge, experience and skills is the strength hold to this model. These nurses should not be concerned about using concepts from various models and developing an eclectic strategy .Leadership models are a useful tool for senior nurses and help to put the function of leadership activity into perspective. The models should be used as a framework on which to build an effective leadership style which suits the individual leader and those whom they are leading. Professional socialisation Supervised learning in clinical practice fosters emotional intelligence, responsibility, motivation and a deeper understanding of patient relationships and nurses’ identity and role (Allan et al, 2008). Much of the attention should be given in encouraging post-registration education and practice development in order to improve the health care standards. Clarifying role expectation and developing a professional identity is also included in this. Professional socialisation is a learning process that takes place in a work environment, of which junior nurses are an integral part. Effective leaders who are determined in their job will generate opportunities which create potential for professional self-development for junior staff. It is during this socialisation period that junior nurses develop opinions, attitudes and beliefs about their role which form the basis of professional growth. The role-modelling behaviour of senior nurses during this process is critical in transmitting appropriate professional values from one generation of nurses to the next. With proper Professional Socialization a more powerful team of workforce can be built and care standards can be increased. The role of senior nurses is dynamic and multifaceted. Nurse leaders in practice settings have unique opportunities to influence and even create the environment in which professional nursing practice can flourish. Marriner-Tomey(1993) suggested that, in this highly influential role, nurse leaders have a major responsibility to change behaviour to provide an environment that supports the preparation of competent and expert practitioners. It is part of nurse leaders’ role to serve as a model in providing effective socialisation experiences that impart the appropriate values, beliefs, behaviours and skills to staff. Better outcomes for patient care The Ultimate goal of any healthcare organisation is to deliver a quality patient care and this can be influenced the through good nursing leadership. Junior staffs should be encouraged be good leaders to gain a better understanding of their patients and their needs and values. Overall, these strategies will lead to increased patient satisfaction, more effective nurse-patient relationships and quicker recovery times. Good leadership could produce better patient outcomes by promoting greater nursing expertise through increased staff ability and a new level of competence. Empowered nurses are eager to implement evidence-based practice. They are highly motivated, well informed and committed to organisational goals, and thus deliver patient care with greater effectiveness (Kuokkanen and Leino-Kilpi, 2000). Aiken et al (2001) argued the hospital practice environment has a significant effect on patient outcomes. Junior nurses should be encouraged to seek maximum rather than minimum standards, and be expected to achieve and maintain high-quality benchmarks. Conclusion References Adair, J. (2003) Effective Leadership. National College for School Leadership, Briefing paper. www.ncsl.org.uk Adair, J. (2002) Effective Strategic Leadership. London: Macmillan. Aiken, L. et al (2001) Nurses’ reports on hospital care in five countries. Health Affairs; 20: 43-53. Allan, H. et al (2008) Leadership for learning: a literature study of leadership for learning in clinical practice. Journal of Nursing Management; 16: 545-555. Bakker, A.B. et al (2000) Effort and reward imbalance and burnout among nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing; 31: 884-891. Bass, B.M. (1985) Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations. New York, NY: The Free Press. Bondas, T. (2006) Paths to nursing leadership. Journal of Nursing Management; 14: 332-339. Borbasi, S., Gaston, C. (2002) Nursing and the 21st century: what’s happened to leadershipCollegian; 9: 1, 31-35. Burns, J.M. (1978) Leadership. New York: Harper and Row. Bryman, A. (1992). Charisma and leadership in organizations. London: Sage. Chow, F.L.W., Suen, L.K.P. (2001) clinical staffs as mentors in pre-registration undergraduate nursing education: students’ perceptions of the mentor’s roles and responsibilities. Nurse Education Today; 21: 350-358. Constable, J.F., Russell, D.W. (1986) The effect of social support and the work environment upon burnout among nurses. Journal of Human Stress; 12: 20-26. Covey, S. (1999) The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People. London: Simon and Schuster. Gardner, J. W. (1990). On leadership. New York: Free Press Hughes, S. (2004) The mentoring role of the personal tutor in the ‘fitness for practice’ curriculum: an all Wales approach.Nurse Education in Practice; 4: 271-278. Kuokkanen, L., Leino-Kilpi, H. (2000) Power and empowerment in nursing: three theoretical approaches.Journal of Advanced Nursing; 31: 1, 235-251. Mahoney, J. (2001) Leadership skills for the 21st century.Journal of Nursing Management; 9: 5, 269-271. Marriner-Tomey, A. (1993) Transformational Leadership in Nursing. London: Mosby. Murray, C., Main, A. (2005) Role modelling as a teaching method for student mentors. Nursing Times; 101: 26, 30-33. Porter-O’Grady, T. (2003) A different age for leadership, part 1. Journal of Nursing Administration; 33: 10, 105-110. Saarikoski, M., Leino-Kilpi, H. (2002) The clinical learning environment and supervision by staff nurses: developing the instrument. International Journal of Nursing Studies; 39: 259-267. Sorensen, R. et al (2008) Beyond profession: nursing leadership in contemporary healthcare. Journal of Nursing Management; 16: 535-544. Thyer, G. (2003) Dare to be different: transformational leadership may hold the key to reducing the nursing shortage. Journal of Nursing Management; 11: 73-79. West-Burnham, J. (1997) Leadership for learning-reengineering ‘mind sets’. School Leading Ability and Management; 17: 2, 231-244. How to cite Leadership and influencing practice, Essay examples

Performance Essay Example For Students

Performance Essay I could interpret a lot of repeated sounds and notes during this recital. Depending on the song the performer was playing determined the tempo. For instance, at some par TTS of the songs where it was supposed to be fun and happy, the tempo would be relatively fast with a lot of short notes. When the song was trying to portray a more serious tone the music would play slower with a lot of longer notes. Although there was two instruments bee g played, the violin and piano, the texture was monophonic. The violin was prominent a ND the piano Just accented the violins notes. The melody was repetitive and full of energy an d the harmony was dissonant. This type of music does not really fit into the type of music I am used to listening to. I enjoy rap and hip hop. Rap and hip hop are a more free and fun kind of genre and vi loins usually produce a more serious or sad kind of sound. Although I am familiar with this type of music. I have played the violin for five years so it was definitely enjoyable to listen to. This concert made me miss playing the violin and made me remember all of the things I el earned while playing it. For instance, you have to hold the violin a certain way and it was all says difficult and uncomfortable to me. Another thing I remembered was the bow was ma De out of horse string and you had to tighten the bow before playing and put rosin on it and w hen you were done you had to loosen it before putting it away. After reading all the information from this course, it has definitely changed the way I listen to music. There is a lot more to listen for than Just the sound you hear. From HTH particular concert I noticed how the violinist wanted a more serious and sad tone he would play the G and D chord which were a lower tone pitch. While playing those strings, he utilize the whole bow, making longer sounds. When he emphasized the more happy s MUSIC Recital Essay By Lillian

The Principle of Fair and Equitable Treatment

The Characters in All My Sons by Arthur Miller

The Characters in All My Sons by Arthur Miller Arthur Millers drama All My Sons asks a tough question: How far should a man go to secure his familys well-being? The play delves into deeply moral issues regarding our obligations to our fellow man. Divided into three acts, the story unfolds in the following manner: Act One: The friendly Keller household is introduced.Act Two: The truth about Joe Keller is revealed.Act Three: After facing the truth, the characters make final choices. Like other works by Arthur Miller, All My Sons is a critique of an overzealously capitalistic society. It shows what happens when humans are ruled by greed. It demonstrates how self-denial cannot last forever. And it is Arthur Millers characters who bring these themes to life. Joe Keller Joe seems like the traditional, amiable 1940s father figure. Throughout the play, Joe presents himself as a man who deeply loves his family but also has great pride in his business. Joe Keller has been running a successful factory for decades. During World War II, his business partner and neighbor, Steve Deever noticed some faulty airplane parts about to be shipped for use by the U.S. military. Steve says that he contacted Joe who ordered that shipment, but Joe denies this, saying that he was home sick that day. By the plays end, the audience discovers the dark secret Joe has been concealing: Joe decided to send the parts through because he was afraid that admitting the companys mistake would destroy his business and his familys financial stability. He allowed the sale of faulty airplane parts to be shipped to the frontline, resulting in the death of twenty-one pilots. After the cause of the deaths was discovered, both Steve and Joe were arrested. Claiming his innocence, Joe was exon erated and released and the entire blame shifted to Steve who remains in jail. Like many other characters within the play, Joe is capable of living in denial. It is not until the plays conclusion that he ultimately faces his own guilty conscience - and then he chooses to destroy himself rather than deal with the consequences of his actions. Larry Keller Larry was Joes oldest son. The audience does not learn too many details about Larry; the character dies during the war, and the audience never meets him - no flashbacks, no dream sequences. However, we do hear his final letter to his girlfriend. In the letter, he reveals his feeling of disgust and disappointment towards his father. The content and tone of the letter suggest that perhaps Larrys death was due to combat. Perhaps life was no longer worth living because of the shame and anger he felt. Kate Keller A devoted mother, Kate still holds on to the possibility that her son Larry is alive. She believes that one day they will receive word that Larry was only wounded, perhaps in a coma, unidentified. Basically, she is waiting for a miracle to arrive. But theres something else about her character. She holds onto the belief that her son lives because if he perished during the war, then (she believes) her husband is responsible for her sons death. Chris Keller In many ways, Chris is the most admirable character in the play. He is a former World War II soldier, so he knows firsthand what it was like to face death. Unlike his brother, and the many men who died (some of them because of Joe Kellers faulty airplane parts), he managed to survive. He plans to marry his late brothers former girlfriend, Ann Deever. Yet, he is very respectful about his brothers memory, as well as the conflicting feelings of his fiancà ©. He also has come to terms with the death of his brother and hopes that his mother will soon be able to peacefully accept the sad truth. Finally, Chris, like so many other young men, idealizes his father. His strong love for his father makes the revelation of Joes guilt all the more heart-wrenching. Ann Deever As mentioned above, Ann is in an emotionally fragile situation. Her boyfriend Larry was missing in action during the war. For months she hoped that he had survived. Gradually, she came to terms with Larrys death, eventually finding renewal and love in Larrys younger brother, Chris. However, since Kate (Larrys seriously-in-denial Mom) believes that her eldest son is still alive, she is mortified when she discovers that Ann and Chris plan to marry. On top of all this tragedy/romance material, Ann also laments the disgrace of her father (Steve Deever), whom she believes is the sole criminal, guilty of selling faulty parts to the military. (Thus, theres great dramatic tension, as the audience waits to see how Ann will react when she discovers the truth: Steve isnt the only guilty one. Joe Keller is guilty too!) George Deever Like many of the other characters, George (brother of Ann, son of Steve) believed that his father was guilty. However, after finally visiting in father in prison, he now believes that Keller was in fact primarily responsible for the death of the pilots and that his father Steve Deever should not be the only one in jail. George also served during World War II, thus giving him a greater stake in the drama, for he is not only seeking justice for his family, but for his fellow soldiers.

Influence of Aristotle on John Stuart Mills and Karl Marxs Studies Essay

Influence of Aristotle on John Stuart Mills and Karl Marxs Studies - Essay Example This paper illustrates that Aristotle believes that all humans are determined to flourish. It is appropriate and desired the end of all human actions. To understand how something functions, you need to understand its nature. Aristotle provides four different human nature aspects. Aristotle is usually quoted saying â€Å"Man is a political creature.† The meaning of Aristotle has a deeper understanding as compared to the known translation. The quote from Aristotle that says â€Å"is a rational being who lives in societies?† provides four different aspects of human nature. The first aspect is referring to the human as physical beings (to mean humans are animals). According to Aristotle, Physical beings require rest, nourishment, exercise, and many others that help in keeping their body to function properly. The second is that the human being referred as emotional beings (to mean they are animals). What differentiate plants from animals, as argued by Aristotle, is that anim als have desires, wants, urges, and reactions. These do not exist in plants. The human being can recognize what they want in the world, and they also possess the power of volition get what they want. Furthermore human can avoid what they dislike. These wants can be complicated for humans, however, at the long run, we all have wants and needs that are obtained from the underlying sources. The third is human is a social being (this is because they live in groups). Human must function and live in various societies. No man can survive by himself and human majorly performs well only in social settings. Human social nature goes in hand with our emotional nature; such that the wants and needs  required by a human can only be attained through the social nature of humanity. For example, human were beings that flourished as hermits, Friendly and trust cooperation needs will not be nearly so urgent. The fourth is that the human is a rational being. To the Greeks, most of the cultures, includ ing the current ones that have made humans human were our rationality. Human is expressive, creative, able to obey reasons and knowledge-seeking. Most of the time human being may not follow reasons, and most of the time may not want to exercise their minds. However, the central part of human existence relates their nature of being a rational animal.